How to Select the Right Caster

For over 15 years, UNIONLEVER  has been writing the science of caster technology with you in mind. From industry-changing innovations, to cost-cutting efficiencies, UNIONLEVER continues its commitment to you—our customer. As UNIONLEVER, we believe success comes from providing expert solutions for our customers and unmatched support to our distributors. Click below on the various links for helpful information related to caster designs and terminology, as well as specific tools for selecting and ordering our products.

How to Select the Proper Caster and Wheel

There is no simple formula or rule that can be followed in selecting the proper casters. Many varying and individual factors must be balanced to make the selection that will do the best job for you. The following are several of the more important considerations.

Load Weight. The heavier the load, the larger the wheel required for the caster. The weight of the load also influences the mobility of the wheel. Roller or ball bearings are recommended for loads over 400 pounds. Weight capacities are shown for each caster in this catalog.

	Rubber Rolls quietly Protects floors	Polyurethane Resists chemicals, Protects floors	Pneumatic Rolls quietly, Absorbs shock	Polyolefin Harse use, Impact resistant	Steel High Capacity, extremely durable
Carpet	X	X	X	X
Brick	X	X	X	X
Concrete	X	X	X	X	X
Linoleum	X	X	X	X
Asphalt	X	X	X
Wood	X	X	X
Smooth Steel	X	X	X	X	X
Ribbed Steel	X	X
Tile	X	X	X

Floor Conditions. Make sure the wheel you select is large enough to pass over cracks in the floor, tracks, moldings and other obstructions. For floor protection on linoleum, tile, carpet, etc., use polyurethane or Performa rubber wheels.

Unusual Conditions. Each wheel material has certain characteristics which will give the best results where unusual conditions exist. For example, where acids, oils, chemicals and other conditions harmful to rubber are present, UNIONLEVER polyurethane, polyolefin, Maxim, phenolic or steel wheels are recommended. Check conditions, then select caster and wheel.

Rolling Ease. The larger the wheel diameter, the easier it rolls. Roller bearings carry heavier loads. Ball bearings roll easier but carry lesser loads. When possible, use the largest ball bearing wheel for best results.

Extreme Climates. Room temperatures are no problem for most casters. But extreme cold or heat can be a problem. UNIONLEVER helps solve this problem with “Colson 45”... the green lube which assures caster rolling ease from 45°F below zero to 260°F above. It’s standard on all UNIONLEVER casters. (Note: Some wheel types should not be used in extreme temperature ranges. Consult us).

 

Caster Combinations for Mobile Equipment

Two Rigid, Two Swivel. 

Most practical and inexpensive arrangement for straight and/or long distances.

Can be used for heavy or medium loads, depending upon the weight capacity of the casters selected.










Tilt Mounting.
 
A tilt mounting is the most economical, but should be limited to lighter loads.

The tilt is best when the load wheels are 1/8" taller than the balance wheels.

Not recommended for use on ramps.










Diamond Mounting.
 
Two rigid and two swivel casters, but the diamond shaped mounting greatly increases maneuverability.

This mounting is not recommended for ramps.










Four Swivel. 

Where a side motion is frequently needed, the four swivel arrangement is excellent.

If the casters are equipped with swivel locks, this mounting is also practical for long straight travel as well as use on ramps.

A most versitile arrangement.






Four Swivel, Two Rigid. This is a level mounting design for heavy loads and long trucks.

The two rigid casters help to distribute and reduce the load on the swivel units and thereby maintain good

maneuverability and easy steering.